What PDF Viewers are Available for Ubuntu?
Ubuntu supports “Evince”, “Zathura”, and “Atril”, PDF document viewers. These PDF viewers have simple interfaces alongside their unique functionalities.
Ubuntu supports “Evince”, “Zathura”, and “Atril”, PDF document viewers. These PDF viewers have simple interfaces alongside their unique functionalities.
To set the manual date and time of the system, use the “date”, “timedatectl”, “hwclock”, and “ntpdate” commands and the “Date &Time” option via GUI.
The “LD_LIBRARY_PATH” environment variable searches the directories of the shared libraries. It can also be set in Linux using the “export” command.
The sshd Logs are stored in the “/var/log/auth.log” file. These log details can be displayed using the “grep”, “lastlog”, and the “journalctl” commands.
To replace a “\n(newline)” to a “,(comma)” use the “sed” command “-z”, “H, h, d, x and y”, “-n, H, h, g, and p ”, “H, x, p”, and “a, b, $! and N” flags.
In Linux and its distributions, the user can easily create the home directory for an existing user with the help of the “mkdirhome_helper” command.
In Linux, the “sort” command line utility is used with the “-k” flag to perform the sorting operation based on the third column.
In Linux, use the “date”, “$SECONDS” internal bash variable, and the “TIMEFORMAT” string to get the execution time of the bash script.
In Linux, the “daemon-reload” reloads the entire systemd unit files while the “reload” only reloads the specific service configuration files.
In Ubuntu, the alternatives to Notepad++ are “Nano”, “Gedit”, “Vim”, “Sublime text”, “Geany”, and “Kate”. Read this post for their detailed description.
The “/var/lib/apt/lists” directory stores all the package information downloaded from the ubuntu server when the user runs the “sudo apt command”.
To trim the leading and trailing whitespaces from each line in the output of a file/script, use the Linux pre-installed “sed” and “awk” command line tools.
To sort the output of the “ls” command by modification date use its “-t” argument, and also the “-l(list)” flag that displays the “date&time” of the file/directory.
In Linux, the pre-installed “xrandr” command offers the “newmode” and the “addmode” flags to set the custom resolution of the system monitor.
To count the total number of occurrences of the specified word/pattern, use the “grep” command with the “wc(word count)” and “tr(translates)” options.
To convert epoch timestamp to human-readable format use the “date” command, “awk” having starftime format, and the “localtime()” with the “echo” command.
To color diff output use the “diff –color” command for the newer version of “diff” and the “colordiff” command line tool for the older versions.
To reinstall the “pip3” for Python3 and “pip” for Python 2 use the default “apt” package manager with superuser privileges or log in as a root user.
In Ubuntu, the “clean”, “autoclean”, and “autoremove” commands clean up the system cache, additional dependencies, and outdated versions of packages.
To add new lines, use the “-e(backspace interpreter)” and “$(bash variable)” with the “echo” command. An “echo” tool can also be used multiple times to do this.
In Linux and its distributions, the “curl” can be installed via default package managers i.e “apt” (Ubuntu/Debian), “yum” (CentOS/RHEL), and “dnf” (Fedora).
To generate a strong password, use the “urandom”, “makepasswd”, “gpg”, “apg”, “pwgen”, and “openssl rand” commands. It can also be done using the “Perl” script.
To update the NodeJs versions in Ubuntu, use the “NVM(Node Version Manager)”, “NPM(Node Package Manager)”, and “Binary Packages”.
In Linux, SUID, SGID, and Sticky bit are permission bits that are utilized to specify special permission rules for the file or directory.
The “cd -” and “cd ~-” jump into the recently used directory but the “cd -” also prints that directory’s absolute path in the terminal.
Use the “for” and “while” loops in the shell script to read the file content line by line. Both these loops provide simple syntax to perform this task easily.
To run a shell script in the background, use the “&(ampersand)” bash control operator and the built-in “nohup” command line tool.
To create a permanent bash alias, edit the “~/.bashrc” file in Linux. After that, reload it using the “source ~/.bashrc” command to activate newly alias.
In bash scripting, the “if” loop is used to execute multiple conditional statements using “if-then fi”, and “if then else fi” and “if then else if fi” loop.
The “exit 0”, “exit 1”, and the “exit 2” returns the exit status of the bash shell script. The value of the exit command is stored in the “$(shell)” variable.
In Bash, the “declare” command sets the variable and functions alongside their attributes, “integer”, “string”, “array”, and “read-only” variables.
Linux offers the “systemctl” and “service” commands to restart the “SSH” service instantly. It can also be restarted by accessing the “/etc/init.d” directory.
In Linux, use the default package managers of Linux distribution, i.e., “apt(Ubuntu/Debian)” and “dnf(Fedora/CentOS/RHEL)” to completely remove the Virtualbox.
In Linux, the “find”, “locate”, and “tree” commands can be utilized to find the file from the current or the particular directory.
In Ubuntu, the “ls”, “locate”, and “grep” command-line utilities can be utilized to get the absolute path of the “php.ini” configuration file.
To change an IP address, utilize the “ip”, “ifconfig”, and the “nmcli” command line tools or the “Network” window in the GUI method.
In Linux, the “for” loop executes the block of statements repeatedly for every item in a list. It offers two types of syntax, i.e., “generalized” and “one line”.
Linux and its distributions offer the pre-installed “id”, “echo”, “lslogin”, and “getent” command line utilities for finding user ID from the terminal.
The “substr” function of the “awk” command searches for the specified character/pattern starting from the particular position to an optional length.
Ubuntu supports “apt” and “snap” package managers to remove the firefox browser completely. It can also be done using the “rm(remove)” command.
Linux offers the pre-installed “cp” and “rsync” commands to copy multiple specific files from source to destination. Read this article for more details.
The default LibreOffice look and feel can be customized to change its “User Interface”, “Toolbar Look”, “Menu Content”, “Icon Style” and “Theme and Colors”
The Linux distributions that support the gnome-desktop environment come with the “System Monitor” tool as a task manager by default.
In Ubuntu, use the “add-apt” command line tool to delete the repository and the “gpg” to delete the “GPG” keys i.e “public” and “private”
On Linux and its major distros, “NodeJS” can be installed using “Default Repository”, “Node Source Repository”, and the “Node Version Manager”.
In a bash script, the “set -x” activates the debugging feature at different places in the scripts or in the “bash shebang” line to identify the errors clearly.
Linux and its distributions offer the pre-installed “systemctl” and “service” command line tools to restart the “Samba” server instantly.
To install FileZilla on Ubuntu, use the command “sudo apt install filezilla” from the default or the PPA repository, or the GUI (Ubuntu Software Center) method.
n Ubuntu, the user can install applications using “apt”, “snap”, “flatpak”, and “dpkg” package managers. It can also be done via “third-party” repositories.
In Linux, “java” can be completely uninstalled using their default package managers followed by the associated “remove” and “purge” flags.
In Linux, shell scripts use an essential component backtick or backquote that assigns the shell command output to the created variable.
Linux and its distributions offer the “getent”, “groupmems”, “members”, and “libuser_lid” command line utilities for listing the group members of a group.
To execute the “sudo” command without a password append the “Sudoers” file by adding “username ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL” password configuration.
To enable the dark mode in the LibreOffice application access the “Options” window from the “Tools” menu list and select “dark” in the “Colour Scheme” section.
In Linux, Hard Disk Drives partitions can be viewed using “fdisk”, “cfdisk”, “lsblk”, and “parted” command line utilities or the “Disks” application.
In Linux, the “echo”, “ps”, “lsof”, and “readlink” commands become handy to check the shell. The “/etc/passwd” file also provides valid login shells.
Linux and its distributions come with a pre-installed “tar” command to create tar, untar and view the tar file content. Read this guide for more details.
On Ubuntu 22.04 LTS, the Laravel application can be easily installed through “composer” as a command with “superuser”, i.e., “sudo” privileges.
Linux server can be rebooted using the “reboot”, “systemctl”, and “shutdown” command line utilities. For more details, read this guide.
In Linux, the “git” tool can be easily installed through their default package manager “apt” for Ubuntu/Debian, “yum” for CentOS/RHEL, and “dnf” for fedora.
The “atool” command line tool manages the archives of different formats like “jar”, “bzip”, tar.7z, gzip, and many others. Read this post for more details.
In Linux, use the “history” and “wipe” command line tools to delete the system history without a trace. Both of them completely wiped out the system’s history.
In Linux, to close the Vi – Vim / Vi editor, enter the “:q”; to save the file, type the “:w” and exit the editor without saving using “:q!” commands.
To exit the vim editor in Linux, use the “:q”, “:q!”, “:conf q”, “:wq”, and “:x” commands. The “:qa”, “qa!”, “wqa”, and “cq” are also used to perform this task.
The “ldd” command stands for “List Down Dependencies”, which is used to display executable files or program-shared library dependencies.
Linux, the “ls (list)”, “find”, and “du(disk usage)” commands can be used to find large files. These commands also contain important supported options.
In Linux, create the backup of the MySQL databases and restore them by utilizing the built-in “mysqldump” command line tool.
To fix the error, the error “local.error: unsupported locale setting” can be fixed by adding the environment either temporarily or permanently.
In Linux, the VMware workstation is removed by the “vmware installer” Script. Furthermore, it can also be removed manually from the system.
An error “sed unknown option to ‘s’” occurs while searching a file name that contains slashes. To fix it, you need to use the “pipe” as a delimiter.