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A substring is part of a string contained within another string. It can be used for searching, manipulating, and extracting specific parts.

The “json.dumps()” method of the JSON module and “pprint.pprint() function“ of the pprint module is used to print JSON string and JSON file pretty.

A Python destructor is a special method called automatically when an object is about to be destroyed or deleted using the del keyword.

A Python program returns Exit Code 0 if it has successfully executed and completed without errors. This enabled the program to run smoothly.

The “yaml.load()”, “yaml.dump()”, and “yaml.full_load()” of the “PyYAML” module is used to read, write and parse YAML files in Python.

The “BeautifulSoup” module, “PyQuery” module, and “lxml” module supported various functions that are used to parse HTML in Python.

The “pandas.pivot_table()” function is used to create a pivot table in Python. Pivot tables are also created based on index values and column values.

To read, print and set environment variables, the “os.environ.get()” method, os.environ dictionary, for loop is used in Python.

The “gethostbyname()” function, “requests module”, “socket.getaddrinfo()”, and “socket.getsockname()” functions are used to get IP addresses in Python.

To deep copy a list, the “copy.deepcopy()” function, “list comprehension” method, and “user-defined” function is used in Python.

A private method in Python can only be accessed within the class in which it is defined. Private methods are denoted by double underscores (__).

The character “b” is used in front of a string or as a prefix to indicate that the initialized string is a byte string object, not a normal string object.

The “for loop” method, dict.items(), dict.keys(), list comprehension, json.dumps(), itemgetter module, and pprint.pprint() function is used in Python.

The “set_index()” method, “reset_index()” method, “reindex()” method, and “sort_index()” method is used to set indexes in Pandas DataFrame.

The keys() method, values() method, items() function, dictionary comprehension, and index position methods are used to iterate over a dictionary in Python.

The “dataframe,dropna()” function is used in Python to drop rows with NaN values from the complete Pandas DataFrame or from the specified columns.

To decode UTF-8, the “decode()” method, the “open()” function and the “codecs.open()” function of the codecs module are used in Python.

To compare two dates, the comparison operators are used along with the “datetime.datetime()” function, “time.strptime()”, and “datetime.date()” function.

The “in” operator, “get() method, “keys()” method, and “exception handling” is used to check if the specified key exists in a Python dictionary.

The “Typeerror a bytes-like object is required not str” occurs due to incorrectly encoding binary data, comparing binary object wIth string object, etc.

The Python numbers, such as integers, floats, complex numbers, etc., are subtracted from each other using the Python subtraction operator ”-.”

In Python, a bitwise “XOR operator ^” and the “operator.xor()” function is used to perform a binary operation between two values.

The slicing syntax “array[start:stop:step]” and the “slice()” function is used to slice an array based on the specified index.

To generate the UUID (Universal Unique Identifiers), the “uuid1()”, “uuid4()”, “uuid3()” and “uuid5()” functions of the UUID module are used in Python.

In Python, the “math.ceil()” function, “numpy.ceil()” function, “decimal module,” “int() function,” and “round()” function is used to round up a number.

The Python modulo operator “%” and “math.fmod()” function of the math module is used to return the remainder of the two divisible numbers.

To import modules from another folder, the “sys.path.append()”, “sys.path.insert()”, “relative path to the module,” and “importlib” module is used in Python.

To convert hex string to bytes, the “bytes.fromhex()” function, “codecs.decode()” function, and “binascii” module are used in Python.

To load JSON string into Pandas DataFrame, the “pd.read_json()” function, “pd.DataFrame.from_dict()” function, and “json_normalize()” function is used in Python.

In pandas, the “astype()” function is used to cast single, multiple, or all columns of given data to a specified data type.

To return a Python list to the function, the return statement, list comprehension, and lambda function are used in Python.

To convert a list, list of lists, or list of dictionaries to JSON, the “json.dumps()” function, the “json.JSONEncoder().encode()” function is used in Python.

To convert the Pandas DataFrame specific row and columns to a series, the “df.squeeze()” function and the “df.iloc()” function is used in Python.

To check file size, the “os.path.getsize()” function, “os.stat()” function, “pathlib.Path.stat()” function, and “file.tell()” method is used in Python.

The “df.to_json()” function of the Pandas module and the CSV module, along with the JSON module, is used to convert the CSV to JSON string in Python.

To find where Python is installed on windows, various methods such as CMD terminal, sys library, startup menu search, and system properties are used in Python.

To print a Python list, use the “map()” function, “* operator”, “for loop”, “join()” method, “list comprehension”, and the “print()” function.

To calculate the time difference in seconds, milliseconds, hours, and minutes the “datetime” module and “time” module are used in Python.

This error occurs if the quotation marks are not used properly. To fix it, use the appropriate ways to use quotation marks as described in this guide.

Python regex capturing groups enable you to capture specific parts of a string based on a specified pattern such as using (\b\d+) pattern for capturing digits.

This value error occurs due to various reasons such as creating an array with different dimensions, replacing a single array element with an array, etc.

To compile a regular expression pattern into a regex pattern object the “re.compile()” function of the re module is used in Python.

The “range() function with a negative step”, “reversed()” function, and “sorted()” function can be used to reverse a range in Python.

To convert the Pandas series to a DataFrame the “pd.DataFrame()” function and “series.to_frame()” function is used in Python.

To convert strings to datetime in Pandas DataFrame, the “pandas.to_datetime()” function, and the “DataFrame.astype()” function is used in Python.

To get the day of the week the strftime() method, weekday() method, Pandas Timestamp method, “calendar” module, and isoweekday() method are used in Python.

In Python, “array indexing” is used to access the specific elements/items in an array or list using their positive and negative indexing.

The Python “loc()” and “iloc()” functions are used to select rows from Pandas DataFrame based on the specific condition, index value, and list of values.

To round a number down the “math.floor()” function, “int()” function, “trunc()” function, “// operator”, and “numpy.floor()” function is used in Python.

The map(), for loop, list comprehension, eval(), round(), and ast.literal_eval() functions are used to convert a string list to an integer list in Python.

To create a directory at the existing location or at the specified path with permission, the “os.mkdir()” and the “os.makedirs()” methods are used in Python.

To add a newline character, the “\n” escape character, the “multiline strings”, and the “os.linesep” attribute of the os module are used in Python.

To extract dictionary values as a list, the “list()” function, “list comprehension”, “for loop”, “* operator”, and “map() function” is used in Python.

To choose multiple items from any sequence, such as a list, set, dictionary, etc, the “random.sample()” function is used in Python.

The isdigit(), isinstance(), float() with isinstance(), and isnumeric() functions are used in Python to check whether the user input is a number or string.

To append values to the dictionary the square bracket, dict(), dict.update(), for loop, unpacking operator, append(), and extend() functions are used in Python.

To create an empty list, the list() function and square brackets [ ] are used in Python. The nested empty list is created using the list comprehension method.

To check the version of the package with pip, the “pip show ”, “pip list”, and “pip freeze” commands are used in Python.

In Python, the “str.__contains__()” method is used to check the presence or existence of a specific string in the given string.

To get a list of all column names in Pandas DataFrame the “list()”, “df.columns.values.tolist()”, and “df.keys()” functions are used in Python.

To trim a string, the strip(), lstrip(), and rstrip() functions are used in Python. The built-in functions of the Numpy module are used to trim a string array.

To convert a tuple to a list, the list() function, list comprehension, for loop with append() function, * operator, and enumerate() function is used in Python.

To move files or directories, the “shutil.move()” function, “os.rename()” method, and “pathlib.path()” function is used in Python.

To install PIL/Pillow, the “pip” package manager is used in Windows, Linux, and MacOS. The “pip install pillow” command is used to install the module.

To convert the single index to a column or multi-index to multiple columns, the “df.reset_index()” function is used in Python.

To catch and print the exception messages, the “try-except” block, “raise Exception”, and “logger.exception()” method is used in Python.

To check your TensorFlow version in Colab, import the TensorFlow library and print the installed version using the “__version__” attributes.

The “dataframe.fillna()” and “dataframe.replace()” functions are used to replace the NaN values with zeros in Pandas DataFrame.

To uninstall a package in Python using the “pip” package manager, you need to execute the “pip uninstall ” command from the CMD terminal.

To check or compare the strings’ equality, the “is” operator, “==” operator, “‘!=” operator, and “ __eq__()” function is used in Python.