How to Use Wildcards (*) When Copying with scp?
The wildcard asterisk (*) is used to list all the files for the scp command. Using the asterisk, users can copy multiple files and the whole directory.
How to Test SSD/HDD Health in Linux?
Linux offers the “Smartctl”, and “nvme-cli” command line tools and “Disks” application in GUI to test the health of SSD/HDD.
How to Force SSH Client to Use Only Password Auth?
To force ssh clients to use only password authentication, users must change PublicKeyAuthentication yes to “no,” and add PasswordAuthentication yes.
How to Fix a Client/Server Connection Refused Using netcat?
To fix the client/server “connection refused” error, open the port on the server side and make communication with the client using a specific port.
How Do I Download a Video From an M3U8 File?
A M3U8 consists of the URLs of the playlists, and it can be viewed online or downloaded using the FFmpeg tool. The file is then played using the VLC player.
How to Parse JSON With Shell Scripting in Linux?
JSON scripting is not supported in shell scripting, but with the help of the jq command, it is made possible to the best extent. The curl command also helps.
How Do I Mount a CIFS Share?
The CIFS share is mounted when the mount command is used with the cifs-utility. To automatically mount, credentials are added in the/etc/fstab file.
How to Understand the Action of nc -l Command?
In Linux, the “nc -l” command creates a simple network server by specifying the
What Does “ALL ALL=(ALL) ALL” Mean in sudoers?
In Linux, the “ALL ALL=(ALL) ALL” grants full sudo privileges to all users on all hosts for all commands in the sudoers file.
What Does <<< Mean in Bash?
In Bash, the “<<<” operator means “here strings.” It allows users to pass a string as the standard input to a command via the “command <<< string” syntax.
How to Restart Bash Without Restarting the Terminal?
To restart the Bash shell without restarting the terminal application, type the “exec bash” command that replaces the current process with the Bash shell.
How to Start/Stop or Enable/Disable Firewalld?
To start/stop or enable/disable the firewalld services, execute the “sudo systemctl
How to Tail Log Files and Keep Tailing them When the Latest One Changes Date and Time?
Users can monitor log files in real-time and keep tailing them even when the latest date of one changes by following the “tail [options] [log_file]” syntax.
How to Match Exact String Using grep in Linux?
To match the exact string using the “grep” command, use the “grep -w “matching_string”
How to Clean yum Cache for Untracked Repositories?
To clean the yum cache for untracked repositories, disable the untracked repositories and clean the Yum cache via the “yum clean all” command.
How to Test a PHP Script in Linux?
To test the PHP script in Linux, create a .php script file and run the “php script_name.php” command. Also, users can access the script file in the web browser.
How to Fix “cmake command not found” Error?
The “cmake: command not found” error is fixed by installing the “Cmake” package or adding the Cmake binary to your PATH environment variable.
Fix: “Nslookup: command not found” Error on CentOS/RHEL
The “Nslookup: command not found” error occurs when the nslookup command is not installed. To install it, run the “yum install bind-utils” command.
Python Destructors to Destroy the Object
A Python destructor is a special method called automatically when an object is about to be destroyed or deleted using the del keyword.
Process Finished With Exit Code 0 in Python
A Python program returns Exit Code 0 if it has successfully executed and completed without errors. This enabled the program to run smoothly.
Environment Variables in Python – Read, Print, Set
To read, print and set environment variables, the “os.environ.get()” method, os.environ dictionary, for loop is used in Python.
9 Linux Destructive Commands You Should Never Run
10 commands that can be destructive to Linux OS are explained in this blog, and users should avoid running these commands.
How to Find Files Differ by Content in Two Directories?
To find out which files differ by content in the given two directory trees, the diff command is used, and if you want a GUI-based tool, use the meld tool.
How to Create MYSQL Database Using Shell Command?
Linux allows users to create a database from the shell using the format
How to Boot into Rescue Mode Or Emergency Mode in Ubuntu 22.04?
To boot into Rescue or Emergency modes, users must enter “systemd.unit=rescue.target” and “systemd.unit=emergency.target” in the boot parameters.
How to Fix “Tab completion errors: bash: cannot create temp file”?
The tab completion error: bash: cannot create temp file is fixed by freeing up the Inodes in /tmp directory by removing the unnecessary files and directories.
How to Use Shell Equality Operators (=, ==, -eq)
The shell equality operators (=, ==, -eq) compare the values of the variables. The “= and ==” is for strings, and “-eq” is used to compare the numerical values.
What are libstdc++.so.6 and GLIBCXX_3.4.20
The libstdc++.so.6 is a shared library to simplify the development of C++ applications and the GLIBCXX_3.4.20 is a version symbol used in it.
What is the Difference Between ‘su -‘ and ‘su root’?
In Linux, the “su -” is utilized to switch to a user account with a login shell session, and the “su root” switches to the root user account without a login shell.
What is the Difference Between SFTP, SCP, and FISH Protocols
SFT, SCP, and FISH protocols are used to transfer files securely over the internet, and the differences have been discussed in the article
How to Get IP Addresses in Python?
The “gethostbyname()” function, “requests module”, “socket.getaddrinfo()”, and “socket.getsockname()” functions are used to get IP addresses in Python.
How to Back Up Entire Linux System?
The dd and tar commands back up the entire Linux system. For GUI, the GNOME Disk Utility provides this facility. The data is then recovered.
How to Access Windows Files From Ubuntu?
To access the Windows files from Ubuntu, a dual-boot system, the mount command is used with the NTFS-3G driver to mount the unmounted disk.
How to Check if a Variable Exists in a Bash if Statement?
To check if a variable exists in an if statement in bash scripting, the -v flag is used. However, checking a variable for a null or zero value -z flag is used.
How to chmod 777 All Subfolders of /var/www?
To chmod 777 or grant all permissions to all users to all the subdirectories of /var/www, the -R flag of the chmod command is used.
How to Hide curl Output in Linux?
The curl command’s output could be long sometimes, so the output is hidden to avoid cluttering the terminal. However, errors can be displayed.
Is There a Program Like MobaXTerm for Linux Systems?
Yes, there are a few alternatives to MovaXTerm for Linux, such as Terminator, Konsole, Tili, and
Remmina. Each of them has its features, pros, and cons.
What are PPA’s and How to Use Them?
Personal Package Archives or PPAs are used to distribute software to users not available in the official repositories without waiting for official approval.
When Does the System Send a SIGTERM to a Process?
When the kill command is used without a specific signal, then by default, a soft shutdown warning called SIGTERM is sent to the program. It can be ignored.
What is a Superblock, Dentry, Inode and a File?
The superblock, inode, dentry, and file combine to make a virtual file system, with each of them having different uses, but work together in Linux VFS.
Private Methods in Python
A private method in Python can only be accessed within the class in which it is defined. Private methods are denoted by double underscores (__).
How to Print Dictionary in Python?
The “for loop” method, dict.items(), dict.keys(), list comprehension, json.dumps(), itemgetter module, and pprint.pprint() function is used in Python.
How to Set Index in Pandas DataFrame?
The “set_index()” method, “reset_index()” method, “reindex()” method, and “sort_index()” method is used to set indexes in Pandas DataFrame.
How to Decode UTF-8 in Python?
To decode UTF-8, the “decode()” method, the “open()” function and the “codecs.open()” function of the codecs module are used in Python.
How to Check if Key Exists in a Python Dictionary?
The “in” operator, “get() method, “keys()” method, and “exception handling” is used to check if the specified key exists in a Python dictionary.
How to Make Multiple Edits with a Single Call to sed?
In Linux, multiple edits with a single call to the sed command are performed on a string or a file by repeating the multiple sed patterns (single call to sed).
TypeError: a bytes-like object is required, not ‘str’
The “Typeerror a bytes-like object is required not str” occurs due to incorrectly encoding binary data, comparing binary object wIth string object, etc.
Subtraction in Python | Explained With Examples
The Python numbers, such as integers, floats, complex numbers, etc., are subtracted from each other using the Python subtraction operator ”-.”
Python UUID Module | Generate Universally Unique Identifiers (UUID)
To generate the UUID (Universal Unique Identifiers), the “uuid1()”, “uuid4()”, “uuid3()” and “uuid5()” functions of the UUID module are used in Python.
How to Import Modules From Another Folder in Python?
To import modules from another folder, the “sys.path.append()”, “sys.path.insert()”, “relative path to the module,” and “importlib” module is used in Python.
How to Convert Hex String to Bytes in Python?
To convert hex string to bytes, the “bytes.fromhex()” function, “codecs.decode()” function, and “binascii” module are used in Python.
How to Load JSON String into Pandas DataFrame?
To load JSON string into Pandas DataFrame, the “pd.read_json()” function, “pd.DataFrame.from_dict()” function, and “json_normalize()” function is used in Python.
Python astype() | Type Conversion of Data Columns
In pandas, the “astype()” function is used to cast single, multiple, or all columns of given data to a specified data type.
How to Return List in Python?
To return a Python list to the function, the return statement, list comprehension, and lambda function are used in Python.
How to Convert Pandas DataFrame to a Series?
To convert the Pandas DataFrame specific row and columns to a series, the “df.squeeze()” function and the “df.iloc()” function is used in Python.
How to Check the File Size in Python?
To check file size, the “os.path.getsize()” function, “os.stat()” function, “pathlib.Path.stat()” function, and “file.tell()” method is used in Python.
What is a Chain in iptables in Linux?
In iptables, chains provide a flexible and powerful way to manage network traffic. Users can create custom chains and define specific sets of rules in them.
arping Command on Linux | Explained
In Linux, the “arping” command sends ARP requests to the host by specifying the IP address and verifying the availability of hosts on a network.
What is the Quickest Way to Find Duplicate Files?
To find duplicate files in the quickest way, use the “fdupes” command with the “r” option by specifying the directory name.
How to Uninstall a .deb Installed With dpkg in Linux?
To uninstall a .deb installed package with dpkg, use the “sudo apt -remove
How to Convert CSV to JSON String Using Python?
The “df.to_json()” function of the Pandas module and the CSV module, along with the JSON module, is used to convert the CSV to JSON string in Python.
How to Find Where Python is Installed on Windows?
To find where Python is installed on windows, various methods such as CMD terminal, sys library, startup menu search, and system properties are used in Python.
lftp Command in Linux
The “lftp” command transfers or manages files in a remote machine by making a connection over protocols including UDP, HTTP, FTP, and many more.
What is a .ts File?
The .ts is the “Transparent Stream” acronym and is a type of video format. This is used to store videos on DVDs and stream them over the internet.
How to Follow Redirects Using curl?
To follow the redirect to the URL, execute the “curl -L
How to Do a Reverse DNS Lookup in Linux?
The Reverse DNS Lookup finds the hostname associated with the specified IP address. It can be found in Linux by dig, host, and nslookup commands.
Commands to Sync Time with NTP Server in Linux
To sync the time with the NTP server in Linux, use the “ntp”, or “chrony” commands. It synchronizes the computer with the NTP server.
lrwxrwxrwx in Linux
The “lrwxrwxrwx” permission specifies that the symbolic link to another file has read, write, and execution permissions to all its users and groups.
How to Use WPA_Supplicant?
In Linux, use the WPA_Supplicant to connect with the Wi-Fi networks. Also, establish connections with hidden, insecure networks and WEP routers.
YUM Command Examples to Install, Remove and Upgrade Packages
To install, remove, and upgrade packages on CentOS, utilize the “yum” package manager by specifying the package name in the terminal.