Linux

The “stat”, “ls” and “find” commands are used to find the mtime of files in Linux. They display the modification time when the file’s content is modified.

Linux provides the “nano” and “vim” text editors to edit or modify the host or any other file using the “sudo” privilege. It is easy to access and use.

The BusyBox is the UNIX suite that contains different commands and functions of the Linux distributions in a single executable file.

To show the line numbers in Vim / Vi in Linux, use the command “:set number”, “:set relativenumber”, and “:set number relativenuber”.

Linux offers the “history” utility with the “-c” option and “-w” option to clear the current session’s command history and all previous session history.

Linux offers the “tmpfs” and “/etc/fstab” files to create a ramdisk in the operating system. It is useful for storing and accessing data.

To increase the SSH connection timeout, change the values of ClientAliveInterval, and the ClientAliveInterval in the Server’s SSH configuration file.

To adjust the tmux pane size, use the mouse keys, the arrow keys with the prefix, or the commands used with the prefix.
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To ping a specific port in Linux, we can use the tools of nc, nmap, and telnet. All these tools are useful for managing network interfaces.

The cron jobs are scheduled by following the five asterisks pattern. Each asterisk denotes a time (minute, hour, day of the month, month, day of the week).

To list all the iptables rules on Linux, run the command “sudo iptables -L -n -v | more” in the terminal. Read this tutorial for more details.

In Linux, the “free”, “top”, and “htop” commands are used to check the usage of RAM in the system. The “/proc/meminfo” file also contains RAM information.

To add Linux to Windows 10 Bootloader, either install the “Commercial” version of the EasyBCD or change the boot priority order of the UEFI menu.

To use the nmap to scan all the computer ports from 0 to 65535, run the command “sudo nmap -p0-65535 ”. Read this post for more details.

For testing purposes, telnet is used with the domain name by specifying the port number to ensure the specific port is open and reachable on a remote machine.

In Linux, the “known_hosts” file contains the host keys of remote servers. Each key is associated with the server address that is used for authentication.

To use the mail command for sending emails to the recipients, use the syntax “mail [Option] [Address]”. Different examples are used to explain its usage.

The “cURL” command sends the POST data from a file with the “-d” option. It requires the path to the file that contains the POST data.

In Linux, the “rsync” command is utilized to transfer files between remote and server systems over SSH by specifying the and .

To merge PDF files on Linux, pdftk, a command-line tool, and pdf arranger, a GUI tool, can be installed. A demonstration of the steps is provided in this post.

The cURL command is used in Linux to transfer data between two servers. The HTTPS Headers are responsible for sharing the additional data.

To change the boot order and make the Windows default, run the command “sudo nano /etc/default/grub” and change the value of GRUB_DFAULT.

The xxd command converts the file’s contents into the Hexadecimal format. The xxd command can be used with its different options.

To display the list of containers in docker, run the “sudo docker container ls -a” command. It displays the information of the running container in the system.

First, change the port number from the file “sshd_config” and then use the syntax to transfer files/directories through SCP.

The file permissions 755 means that the owner has full access (read, write, and execute permissions), and the remaining users have only read and execute rights.

In Linux, the “PrtScr”, “Alt+PrtScr”, and “Shift+PrtScr” keys and third-party tools (Flameshot and Kazam) are used to take a screenshot.

The symlink of a directory is created by following syntax . It is useful for access in large file systems.

In Linux, the “plt.show() not working” can be fixed by executing the “sudo apt install python3-matplotlib” script in the terminal.

In Linux, the error “pip importerror: cannot import name main” fixes by installing or upgrading the “pip” package manager.

To fix the “make:*** No rule to make target”, the users must ensure that the files compiling with the make command should be in the same directory.

To fix the “command not found: nvm” make sure the package of the nvm is installed, and the load lines are included in the shell script of Linux.

To fix the error of the “xterm: DISPLAY is not set”, we have to set the value of the DISPLAY environmental variable in the operating system.

To fix the “ssh permission denied (publickey)” error, disable the password authentication in the SSH configuration file, and add the SSH key to the server.

To list all the cronjobs, use the command “crontab -l”. To list specific cron jobs, use the command “ls -la /etc/cron.hourly/daily/weekly/monthly”.

Docker provides the “docker attach” and “docker exec” commands to establish the connection with the running containers specifying the container name.

To find the cron or the crontab log in the UNIX operating system, use the command “grep CRON /var/log/syslog” command-line interface.

To check crontab services, “status” utility, “ps aux”, “pgrep”, and “tail” commands are used. It provides currently active/dead running processes in the system.

In Linux, the “/etc/shadow” file contains the password information, including “Username”, “Password”, “Password Age”, and “Password Validity”.

The /etc/passwd file holds the information of “Username”, “Password”, “UID”, “GID”, “GECOS”, “Home directory”, and “Login shell” of the system and normal users.

The “cannot create directory permission denied” can be resolved by “allowing the write permissions”.The permissions are changed using the “chmod” command.

13 keyboard shortcuts that every Ubuntu user should know to manage the windows as well as the terminal of Ubuntu.

To fix the error, either import the public key, which is missing or re-import the expired public key. Read out this post for detailed information.

The error “tar not found in archive” is fixed by following the syntax correctly alongside the target directory name and its position in the syntax.

The error “sudo apt-get command not found” can be fixed by downloading the latest APT package manager to install, remove or update packages in the system.

The error “no server suitable for synchronization found” resolves by installing the “ntpdate” package via the package manager of the Linux distro.

The error “no module named pkg_resources” can be resolved by installing the python package via “sudo apt install python-pkg-resources”.

The error “import error no module named the image” resolves by installing the image module or installing the “Pillow” library in the system.

To rename the directories in Linux, use the find command, mv command, or the GUI method. In this blog, all these methods are explained in detail.

In Linux, the “find” and “tree” commands are used to search files recursively in subdirectories along with different file formats and sizes.

The error “windows subsystem for linux has no installed distributions” can be resolved through the “wsl –install –d Ubuntu” command.

To fix “psql Peer authentication failed for user”, either you have to log in with the “Postgres” user or change the default rule from “peer” to “md5”.

To fix “bash: syntax error near unexpected token ‘(’” error while bash scripting, use the backlash or the single/double quotes.

Emulators are used in Linux to run Windows and Windows-based applications. 5 best windows emulators and their installation guides are provided in this post.

The existing file can be saved by pressing the “Ctrl+S” key in Nano Editor. Also, the “Ctrl+O” key overwrites the file with a different name or file format.

In Linux, the “sudo” command is utilized with “- s”, “su -” and “-i” utilities to grant the root privileges from a normal user after authentication.

The error “segmentation fault (core dumped)” is fixed by removing the “lock” files, killing the process via PID, removing cache, repairing the broken packages.

In Linux, the “ssh no route to host” error is fixed through the “ping” command, updating firewall rules for Port 22, and installation of the “OpenSSH” utility.

5 best terminal Browsers for Linux command line are W3M, Lynx, Links, Browsh, and Elinks. These browsers can be installed on various Linux distributions.

In Linux, the “importerror: no module named ‘matplotlib’” can be resolved by executing the “sudo apt install python3-matplotlib” command in the terminal.

Run the Java program by executing “javac ” or “java ”. Using this pattern, you can execute complex programs.

The “rsync” command works with the “exclude” keyword to prevent the files and directories from moving from one directory to another.

The error “waiting for cache lock ubuntu var/lib/dpkg/lock-frontend” occurs due to the involvement of the dpkg package manager in another running process.

To resolve the error “usr bin python no module named pip”, execute the “” or “” command in the terminal.

In the Linux system, the “sudo: unable to resolve host” error can be resolved by configuring the hostname properly (either to change it or use it correctly).

The error “export ld_library_path” can be encountered by setting the environment variable to the “/usr/local/lib” directory.